{"id":17353,"date":"2026-01-21T16:04:51","date_gmt":"2026-01-21T10:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/?p=17353"},"modified":"2026-01-21T16:18:03","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T10:48:03","slug":"chmod-command-in-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/chmod-command-in-linux","title":{"rendered":"Chmod Command in Linux Explained With Examples in 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>The chmod command in Linux<\/strong> changes file and directory permissions. It controls who can read, write, or execute using symbolic (u,g,o,+,-,=) or numeric (octal) modes like 644, 755, or 600. Use chmod for secure defaults (files 644, directories 755), add executable rights to scripts, and avoid 777 except in rare, controlled cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If you work with <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/optimize-redis-on-linux\/\">Linux servers<\/a>, the chmod command in Linux is one of the first tools you should master. It governs access to files and directories and directly impacts security, especially on production systems and WordPress sites. This guide explains chmod clearly, with practical examples, best practices, and troubleshooting tips from real hosting environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-chmod-and-how-linux-permissions-work\">What is chmod and How Linux Permissions Work<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod (change mode) modifies permission bits on files and directories. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-is-chmod-and-How-Linux-Permissions-Work.jpg\" alt=\"Chmod Command in Linux\" class=\"wp-image-17791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-is-chmod-and-How-Linux-Permissions-Work.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-is-chmod-and-How-Linux-Permissions-Work-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Linux evaluates permissions for three classes of users:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Owner (u) \u2013<\/strong> the file\u2019s user<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Group (g) \u2013<\/strong> users in the file\u2019s group<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Others (o) \u2013<\/strong> everyone else<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Each class can have three permissions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Read (r) \u2013<\/strong> view file contents or list directory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Write (w) \u2013<\/strong> modify file or create\/delete items in a directory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Execute (x) \u2013<\/strong> run a file as a program or access\/enter a directory<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Important difference:<\/strong> execute on a directory doesn\u2019t \u201crun\u201d it; it allows entering the directory and traversing into its subpaths. Without execute on a directory, read alone won\u2019t let you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/access-file-manager-in-cpanel\/\">access files<\/a> inside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"permission-notation-symbolic-vs-numeric-octal\">Permission Notation: Symbolic vs Numeric (Octal)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"symbolic-mode\">Symbolic mode<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Symbolic mode expresses changes using letters for classes and operations:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Classes:<\/strong> u (owner), g (group), o (others), a (all)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Operators:<\/strong> + add, &#8211; remove, = set exactly<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Permissions:<\/strong> r, w, x<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Give execute to owner\nchmod u+x script.sh\n\n# Remove write from group and others\nchmod go-w file.txt\n\n# Set exact permissions for all: rwx for owner, rx for group\/others\nchmod a=rX file_or_dir # Note: 'X' adds execute only to directories or if already executable\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"numeric-octal-mode\">Numeric (octal) mode<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Numeric mode uses base-8 values. Add the bits for each class: read=4, write=2, execute=1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>7 = 4+2+1 = rwx<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>6 = 4+2 = rw-<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5 = 4+1 = r-x<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4 = 4 = r&#8211;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>0 = &#8212;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common octal values:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>644 \u2013<\/strong> owner read\/write, group read, others read (typical files)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>600 \u2013<\/strong> owner read\/write only (secrets like SSH keys, wp-config.php)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>755 \u2013<\/strong> owner rwx, group rx, others rx (typical directories and executables)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>700 \u2013 <\/strong>private scripts\/directories<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Files readable by everyone, writable by owner\nchmod 644 index.html\n\n# Directories with enter\/list access for all, write for owner\nchmod 755 \/var\/www\/html\n\n# Private key must be 600 or stricter\nchmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"practical-chmod-examples\">Practical chmod Examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"set-safe-permissions-for-a-website\">Set safe permissions for a website<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On web servers, a common baseline is files at 644 and directories at 755. Apply recursively but treat directories differently:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Set all files to 644\nfind \/var\/www\/site -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;\n\n# Set all directories to 755\nfind \/var\/www\/site -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"make-a-shell-script-executable\">Make a shell script executable<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod u+x backup.sh\n.\/backup.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"allow-group-collaboration\">Allow group collaboration<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Give the group write access when collaborating within a shared directory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Add write for group\nchmod g+w report.docx\n\n# Or set exact mode for shared dir (rwx for owner and group, rx for others)\nchmod 775 \/srv\/project<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lock-down-a-sensitive-file\">Lock down a sensitive file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Only owner can read\/write\nchmod 600 secrets.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"add-execute-only-to-directories-not-files\">Add execute only to directories (not files)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The X flag in symbolic mode applies execute only if the target is a directory or already executable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod -R a+rX \/opt\/data<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fix-permission-denied-permissions-vs-ownership\">Fix \u201cPermission denied\u201d: permissions vs ownership<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you own the file, chmod works. If not, you may need sudo or to change ownership:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># If the web server should own the site\nsudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/site\nsudo find \/var\/www\/site -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;\nsudo find \/var\/www\/site -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"special-permission-bits-suid-sgid-sticky\">Special Permission Bits: SUID, SGID, Sticky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond rwx, Linux supports special bits. They modify execution and deletion behavior and are represented by a leading octal digit or special letters (s, t).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"suid-set-user-id-4xxx\">SUID (Set User ID) \u2013 4xxx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When a file with SUID is executed, it runs with the file owner\u2019s privileges (commonly root for system utilities). Use sparingly due to privilege escalation risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Example: 4755 = SUID + 755\nchmod 4755 \/usr\/local\/bin\/somesetuidtool<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sgid-set-group-id-2xxx\">SGID (Set Group ID) \u2013 2xxx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On files, SGID makes the process run with the file group\u2019s privileges. On directories, new files inherit the directory\u2019s group useful for shared project folders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Make a shared directory group-sticky\nchmod 2775 \/srv\/shared\/team<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sticky-bit-1xxx\">Sticky bit \u2013 1xxx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On directories, sticky restricts deletions: <\/strong>only the owner of a file (or root) can delete it, even if others have write access. Used on \/tmp and multi user upload folders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># World-writable upload directory where users cannot delete others' files\nchmod 1777 \/var\/www\/site\/uploads<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chmod-best-practices-and-security-tips\">chmod Best Practices and Security Tips<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Follow least privilege:<\/strong> Grant only the minimal rights required for the task.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Avoid 777:<\/strong> World writable and executable files are a major risk on multi tenant servers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Separate ownership and permissions:<\/strong> Use chown for the right owner\/group, then chmod to set access.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Use 644 for files:<\/strong> 755 for directories on most web content. Tighten sensitive files to 600.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use SGID on shared project directories to keep group consistency (chmod 2775 dir).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use sticky on public upload dirs (chmod 1777) only when necessary and monitored.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For scripts, prefer 750\/700 and run via a dedicated service account.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Check umask for default creation permissions:<\/strong> Typical umask 022 results in files 644 and directories 755.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Audit with find to spot risky files:<\/strong> find \/var\/www -perm -o=w -type f -print.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wordpress-safe-permissions-quick-recipe\">WordPress safe permissions (quick recipe)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>These settings work well on most single tenant Linux hosts. Adjust user\/group for your web server (www data, apache, or nginx):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Set ownership to web server user\nsudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/wordpress\n\n# Directories 755, files 644\nfind \/var\/www\/wordpress -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;\nfind \/var\/www\/wordpress -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;\n\n# Lock configuration\nchmod 600 \/var\/www\/wordpress\/wp-config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you host WordPress with <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/\">YouStable\u2019s managed Linux hosting<\/a><\/strong>, we pre-harden permissions, disable risky defaults, and provide SSH\/SFTP access so you keep security and convenience in balance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chmod-vs-chown-vs-chgrp\">chmod vs chown vs chgrp<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod changes permissions. chown changes the file\u2019s owner (user) and optionally group. chgrp changes only the group. Often you need both correct ownership and permissions to resolve access issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Give web server ownership and set collaborative permissions\nsudo chown -R www-data:devs \/srv\/app\nfind \/srv\/app -type d -exec chmod 2775 {} \\;   # SGID for shared group\nfind \/srv\/app -type f -exec chmod 664 {} \\;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"troubleshooting-common-chmod-issues\">Troubleshooting Common chmod Issues<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Operation not permitted:<\/strong> You\u2019re not the owner or lack privileges. Use sudo or adjust ownership with chown.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Immutable files:<\/strong> Files with the immutable attribute ignore chmod. Check with lsattr and remove with sudo chattr -i file.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mount options:<\/strong> noexec prevents execution regardless of chmod; nosuid disables SUID; nodev disables device files. Inspect with mount or \/etc\/fstab.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ACLs overriding mode bits:<\/strong> If using Access Control Lists, ACLs can grant or restrict access beyond chmod. View with getfacl and modify with setfacl.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Umask surprises:<\/strong> Newly created files inherit umask restrictions. Confirm with umask and adjust in shell profiles or service configs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"real-world-scenarios-and-examples\">Real World Scenarios and Examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"deploying-a-php-app\">Deploying a PHP app<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Set the app owned by a deployment user and group to the web server. Allow the web server read\/execute, but restrict write to specific storage paths (cache, uploads) to reduce risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Code is read-only to web server\nsudo chown -R deploy:www-data \/var\/www\/app\nfind \/var\/www\/app -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;\nfind \/var\/www\/app -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;\n\n# Writable storage paths only\nsudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/app\/storage \/var\/www\/app\/uploads\nchmod -R 775 \/var\/www\/app\/storage \/var\/www\/app\/uploads<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"securing-ssh-keys\">Securing SSH keys<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod 700 ~\/.ssh\nchmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"making-a-compiled-binary-runnable\">Making a compiled binary runnable<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>gcc tool.c -o tool\nchmod 755 tool\n.\/tool<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"key-takeaways\">Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use chmod to set who can read, write, or execute files and directories.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Symbolic mode is great for incremental changes; numeric mode is precise and repeatable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Common safe defaults:<\/strong> files 644, directories 755; secrets 600.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoid 777. Use SGID for shared dirs and sticky for public temp\/upload areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check ownership (chown, chgrp), umask, mount options, and ACLs when troubleshooting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faqs\">FAQ&#8217;s<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1768804747982\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \" class=\"rank-math-question \" id=\"1-what-does-chmod-755-mean\">1. What does chmod 755 mean?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>chmod 755 sets permissions to rwx for the owner and r-x for group and others. It\u2019s commonly used for directories (so they\u2019re accessible) and for executables intended to be runnable by all users on the system.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1768804755707\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \" class=\"rank-math-question \" id=\"2-is-chmod-777-ever-safe-to-use\">2. Is chmod 777 ever safe to use?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Generally no. 777 grants write and execute to everyone and is risky on multi user servers and web hosts. If you must use it temporarily for debugging, revert to stricter permissions immediately and consider a better ownership or ACL approach instead.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1768804763358\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \" class=\"rank-math-question \" id=\"3-whats-the-difference-between-644-and-664\">3. What\u2019s the difference between 644 and 664?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>644 allows only the owner to write; group and others can read. 664 also allows the group to write. Use 664 when collaborating within a trusted group; otherwise, prefer 644 for tighter control.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1768804770474\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \" class=\"rank-math-question \" id=\"4-how-do-i-apply-different-permissions-to-files-and-directories-recursively\">4. How do I apply different permissions to files and directories recursively?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p><strong>Use find to target file types:<br \/><\/strong><code>find \/path -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;<br \/>find \/path -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;<\/code><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1768804800592\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \" class=\"rank-math-question \" id=\"5-why-does-chmod-not-work-even-with-sudo\">5. Why does chmod not work even with sudo?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Possible causes include immutable attributes (chattr +i), restrictive mount options (noexec, nosuid), or ACLs overriding mode bits. Check with lsattr, mount, and getfacl. Remove or adjust the blocking configuration before retrying chmod.<\/p>\n<p>Need help applying these best practices on your server or WordPress site? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/\">YouStable\u2019s managed hosting<\/a> teams set secure permissions, harden your stack, and keep your applications fast and safe\u2014so you can focus on growth.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The chmod command in Linux changes file and directory permissions. It controls who can read, write, or execute using symbolic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":17856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[350],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledgebase"],"acf":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Chmod-Command-in-Linux-Explained-With-Examples.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Sanjeet Chauhan","author_link":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/author\/sanjeet"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17353"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17353\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17858,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17353\/revisions\/17858"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17353"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.youstable.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}